机器原来有一块硬盘容量不够了,现需要增加一块硬盘,系统使用了LVM,系统为:Redhat Enterprise Linux 5
操作步骤
注意:请在操作时小心细心,并且操作前备份系统数据,以防万一。有血的教训呀!!!
- 添加物理磁盘:将物理磁盘添加到机器,加入物理磁盘后需要先重新启动一下机器,才可以看到新加的磁盘(使用fdisk -l查看);
- 创建物理卷;
- 将新的物理卷加入到卷组;
- 扩展逻辑卷;
- 在线resize逻辑卷,使空间生效
准备磁盘
一般可能有2种情况:1)物理机或者虚拟机新添加磁盘;2)虚拟机扩展磁盘尺寸或者物理机克隆硬盘置换大硬盘;这两种操作后都需要在新的磁盘或者剩余空间中建立分区。
如果磁盘是虚拟机方式在原有磁盘扩展来的(热扩展),则再添加新的分区后需要执行分区加载操作,否则在/dev目录中将不存在,不能使用。
# partprobe /dev/vda3
查看新加的磁盘设备名称
[root@ora11g ~]# fdisk -l
我新加的磁盘为/dev/sdb,如果是虚拟机有可能是/dev/vdb或者其它。
添加一个新的分区
[root@ora11g ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb ... Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-17834, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-17834, default 17834): Using default value 17834 ...
显示已经创建的分区
Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 146.6 GB, 146695782400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 17834 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 17834 143251573+ 83 Linux
列出已知的分区类型
Command (m for help): l 0 Empty 1c Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid 1 FAT12 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot 2 XENIX root 24 NEC DOS 80 Old Minix c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 39 Plan 9 81 Minix / old Lin c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- ...
修改分区类型为LVM
Command (m for help): t Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
查看分区信息
Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 146.6 GB, 146695782400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 17834 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 17834 143251573+ 8e Linux LVM
写入分区表
Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
添加磁盘到LVM卷
查看当前分区状态
[root@ora11g ~]# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 68249152 59970328 4811972 93% / /dev/sda1 101086 12386 83481 13% /boot none 1037404 0 1037404 0% /dev/shm
查看当前卷配置,这里我们需要扩展逻辑卷/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00的空间
[root@ora11g ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 VG Name VolGroup00 LV UUID X4wkrd-f2WD-Tatu-jZFC-O4c3-y0kI-5bg1aC LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 66.12 GB Current LE 2116 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors 0 Block device 253:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 VG Name VolGroup00 LV UUID wKKpwV-aiaO-qAGe-gNs3-lUas-b4Y0-hWWAfl LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 1.94 GB Current LE 62 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors 0 Block device 253:1
结果显示所属的卷组为:VolGroup00请显示结果,接下啦我们要建立物理卷并加入卷组。
创建新的物理卷
[root@ora11g ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
查看物理卷状态
[root@ora11g ~]# pvdisplay /dev/sdb1 --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb1 VG Name VolGroup00 PV Size 136.59 GB / not usable 0 Allocatable yes PE Size (KByte) 32768 Total PE 4371 Free PE 4371 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID Mo7mk5-Y0tS-vYnQ-s3N5-db1t-jh8v-MFI5YR
扩展卷组到新加的物理卷
[root@ora11g ~]# vgextend VolGroup00 /dev/sdb1 Volume group "VolGroup00" successfully extended
查看卷组
[root@ora11g ~]# vgdisplay
查看当前分区容量,还未发生变化。
[root@ora11g ~]# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 68249152 59970504 4811796 93% / /dev/sda1 101086 12386 83481 13% /boot none 1037404 0 1037404 0% /dev/shm
扩展卷空间
[root@ora11g ~]# lvextend -L +49G /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 Extending logical volume LogVol00 to 84.94 GB Logical volume LogVol00 successfully resized [root@ora11g ~]# ext2online /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
注:在debian 5.0和redhat 5.0中执行的是下面这个命令,它里面没有 ext2online请使用以下命令
# resize2fs /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
如果你的系统是xfs,请使用以下命令,可通过cat /etc/fstab
查看:
# xfs_growfs /dev/centos/root
查看扩容结果
[root@ora11g ~]# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 208618032 59944412 138078192 31% / /dev/sda1 101086 12386 83481 13% /boot none 1037404 0 1037404 0% /dev/shm